There are a lot of semiconductor products range from basic electronic components to complex integrated circuits. Common semiconductor products include integrated circuits (IC), diodes, transistors, memory devices, sensors and optoelectronic devices. Among them, integrated circuits are the core products, which are widely used in computers, mobile phones, household appliances and various electronic devices.
Domestic semiconductor brand in recent years, with the progress of technology and the support of policies, many domestic semiconductor enterprises have emerged. SMIC is the largest semiconductor manufacturing enterprise in China, and its technical level is gradually approaching the international advanced level. Tsinghua Unigroup has occupied a place in the global semiconductor industry chain through investment and mergers and acquisitions. Wingtech Technology has a significant market position in the fields of mobile communication and Internet of Things. In addition, Hua Hong Grace, CET Group and other enterprises have also made good achievements in their respective fields.
Domestic semiconductor brands have made great progress in technology and market, and have broad development prospects in the future.
Figure1: Semiconductor products
Brief introduction of semiconductor products
What is a semiconductor
Semiconductor is a material between conductor and insulator, and its conductivity can be controlled by temperature, illumination, electric field or magnetic field. The most common semiconductor material is silicon (Si), but there are other semiconductors such as germanium (Ge) and compound semiconductors such as gallium arsenic compounds (GaAs).
The characteristics of semiconductors are mainly determined by their energy band structure. At absolute zero, the conduction band of semiconductor is empty and the valence band is full. However, when the temperature rises or there is external energy input, the electrons in the valence band will transition to the conduction band, forming free electrons and holes, thus making the semiconductor conductive.
Application fields of semiconductors
Semiconductors are widely used in modern science and technology and daily life. Here are some of the main areas of application:
Computers and Mobile Devices Such as CPU, memory and memory devices are all based on semiconductor technology.
Communication Many key components in wireless communication and optical fiber communication, such as amplifiers, modulators and detectors, depend on semiconductor materials.
Energy For example, solar cells are based on the photovoltaic effect of semiconductors.
Consumer electronics Semiconductor devices such as televisions, stereos, cameras, etc.
Automobile Many electronic systems in modern automobiles, such as anti-lock braking system, air bag, navigation system, etc. all depend on semiconductor technology.
In addition, semiconductor technology is also applied in medical, aviation, military and other fields.
Common types of semiconductor products
Integrated circuit (IC)
Integrated circuit, referred to as IC for short, is to integrate a large number of basic electronic components such as transistors, resistors and capacitors on a small semiconductor material sheet according to predetermined functions, and package them into a complete circuit unit.
Digital integrated circuit Such as microprocessor, memory, digital signal processor, etc.
Analog integrated circuit Such as amplifiers, oscillators, power management IC, etc.
Mixed signal integrated circuit Combines digital and analog functions, such as analog-to-digital converters and digital-to-analog converters.
Figure2: Semiconductor equipment
Diode
A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction.
Rectifier diode Used to convert alternating current to direct current.
Light emitting diode (LED)Emit light when powered on, used for display screen, indicator light, etc.
Laser diode Emission of highly concentrated light, used in optical fiber communication, optical disk drive, etc.
Transistor
Transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electric currents.
Bipolar transistor (BJT)It consists of two PN structures, which are often used to amplify current.
Field effect transistor (FET)Control of current by an electric field, often used in digital logic circuits.
memory device
The storage device is used for storing data.
Random Access Memory (RAM) Temporary storage of data, such as DDR SDRAM, for computer main memory.
Read Only Memory (ROM) Permanently store data, such as firmware or BIOS.
sensor
Semiconductor sensors can detect and respond to physical or chemical stimuli.
Image sensor: for example, CMOS and CCD are used for video cameras and cameras.
Temperature sensor: Detect temperature changes and convert them into electrical signals.
Optoelectronic device
Optoelectronic devices involve the interaction between light and electricity.
Photodiode: Convert light into electricity, as in solar cells.
Optocoupler: Used for electrical isolation and simultaneous transmission of signals.
Figure3: Semiconductor chip
Overview of Domestic Semiconductor Brands
Domestic semiconductor The development process of
Since the end of the 20th century, China began to attach importance to the development of semiconductor industry. From the initial technology introduction to the present independent research and development, China's semiconductor industry has experienced a transformation from following partially leading.
Initial stage Mainly rely on foreign technology and equipment, mainly assembly and testing in China.
Technology accumulation stage Gradually master key technologies through technology introduction, joint ventures and international cooperation.
Independent innovation stage Independently research and development on key technologies and core devices, and some products have reached the international advanced level.
Market position of domestic semiconductors at present
With the progress of technology and the expansion of market, the share of domestic semiconductors in the global market is gradually increasing.
Global market in some areas, such as mobile communications, network equipment, domestic semiconductor products have occupied an important market share.
Domestic market with the promotion of the policy of "replacing imports", the share of domestic semiconductors in the domestic market continues to grow.
Technical status in some fields, such as 5G, artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, etc., domestic semiconductor technology has reached or approached the international advanced level.
Recommended domestic semiconductor brands
SMIC
SMIC is the largest semiconductor manufacturer in China and an important integrated circuit manufacturing service provider in the world.
Technical capability: Has the process technology from 0.35 micron to 14 nanomete, and is developing more advanced process.
Partners: We have established long-term cooperative relations with many international semiconductor giants, such as Qualcomm and Broadcom.
Research and Development Center: We have R&D centers in Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen, which are dedicated to technological innovation and personnel training.
Tsinghua Unigroup Co., Ltd.
Tsinghua Unigroup is a large state-owned enterprise involved in many high-tech fields, including semiconductors.
Investment strategy Tsinghua Unigroup invests in semiconductor related enterprises worldwide, such as Intel and Samsung.
Vertical integration Through acquisition and cooperation, the whole industrial chain layout from materials and equipment to chip design and manufacturing will be realized.
Technology research and development Has core technology in storage, chip design, package testing and other fields.
Wingtech Technology Co., Ltd
Wingtech Technology is an enterprise focusing on the design and manufacture of mobile communication and Internet of Things products.
Product line: Including smart phones, tablets, smart wear and other consumer electronics products.
Research and development strength: Has a number of independent intellectual property rights and core technologies, such as 5G communication, AI chips, etc.
Market position: It has an important market share in the field of mobile communication and Internet of Things.
Figue4: Semiconductor chip
Other brands worthy of attention
In addition to the above brands, many other domestic semiconductor enterprises have made outstanding contributions in their respective fields, such as Hua Hong Semiconductor, JCET Group, Giga Device Semiconductor and so on.
Advantages and Challenges of Domestic Semiconductor Brands
Technological Innovation and R & D Capability
Domestic semiconductor enterprises have made remarkable progress in technological innovation and research and development.
Technology accumulation Many years of technology introduction and cooperation have accumulated rich experience for domestic enterprises.
R&D investment with policy support and market demand, R&D investment continues to increase, attracting a large number of talents.
Independent intellectual property rights Many enterprises have acquired independent intellectual property rights in key technical fields, such as 5G and AI chips.
Market Competition and International Cooperation
Domestic semiconductor enterprises are facing fierce competition in domestic and foreign markets, but there are also extensive opportunities for international cooperation.
Domestic competition with the development of technology, the competition between domestic enterprises is becoming more and more serious.
International market in the global market, domestic enterprises need to compete with international giants, but there are also opportunities for cooperation.
Partner Many domestic enterprises have established cooperative relations with international leaders, such as SMIC and Qualcomm, Tsinghua Unigroup and Intel, etc.
Stability of supply chain
Supply chain stability is the key to the semiconductor industry, especially in the context of changes in the global political and economic environment.
Raw material supply Ensuring the stable supply of key raw materials is the primary task of enterprises.
Device dependency Although domestic equipment is gradually emerging, it still depends on imports in some key equipment.
Global layout Many enterprises have begun to deploy globally to ensure the stability of the supply chain.
Prospects for the future
Development trend of domestic semiconductors
With the progress of technology and the expansion of market, the domestic semiconductor industry will continue to maintain its growth momentum.
Technological progress it is expected that in the next few years, more domestic semiconductor products will reach or surpass the international advanced level.
Market expansion with the promotion of the policy of "replacing imports", the market share of domestic semiconductors at home and abroad will further increase.
Perfection of industrial chain from raw materials to equipment, design, manufacturing, packaging and testing, the whole industrial chain will be more perfect and mature.
Technological progress and market opportunities
Technological progress will bring new market opportunities for domestic semiconductors.
New materials and new technologies new materials and technologies such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride will bring revolutionary changes to the semiconductor industry.
New application field new application fields such as Internet of Things, autonomous driving and health care will bring huge market opportunities to the semiconductor industry.
Global layout with the progress of technology and the expansion of market, domestic semiconductor enterprises will be deployed in the world to compete and cooperate with international giants.
What are the semiconductor products and what brands are better made in China-China.exportsemi.com
